Investigating the algae for the synthesis of biofuel by using genetic engineering techniques

Abstract

Fossil fuels are the main energy source despite they are not producing greenhouse emissions in environment. Research into microalgae genomics resulted in multiple genome sequences where Chlamydomonas reinhardtii received attention because scientists could utilize effective genetic tools. Scientists are developing testing methods for diatoms and industrial algae species but also other significant industrial microorganisms. Scientists worldwide can conduct genetic transformation on all divisional algal species since they successfully adapted more than 30 strains. The insertion of random transgenes through antibiotic markers is possible with nuclear transformation but experts face difficulty in targeted gene deletion due to limited homologous recombination success rates.